Article 1: Freedom and Equality
Every human being is born free and equal in dignity and rights. They possess reason and conscience and should treat one another with a spirit of brotherhood.
Article 2: Non-Discrimination
Everyone is entitled to the rights and freedoms outlined in this Declaration without any discrimination, including race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinions, national or social origin, property, birth, or any other status. No distinction shall be made based on the political, jurisdictional, or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether independent, under trust, non-self-governing, or facing any sovereignty limitations.
Article 3: Right to Life, Liberty, and Security
Every individual has the right to life, freedom, and personal security.
Article 4: Freedom from Slavery
No person shall be enslaved or subjected to servitude. Slavery and the slave trade must be abolished in all forms.
Article 5: Freedom from Torture and Inhumane Treatment
No one shall be subjected to torture, cruelty, or degrading punishment.
Article 6: Recognition Before the Law
Every person has the right to be recognized as an individual before the law, regardless of their location.
Article 7: Equality Before the Law
All individuals are equal before the law and deserve equal protection without discrimination. Everyone is entitled to protection against any discrimination violating this Declaration.
Article 8: Right to Legal Remedy
Everyone has the right to seek legal remedies from competent national courts for violations of their fundamental rights.
Article 9: Freedom from Arbitrary Arrest
No individual shall be arbitrarily arrested, detained, or exiled.
Article 10: Right to a Fair Trial
Every person has the right to a fair and public trial by an independent and impartial tribunal when determining their rights and obligations or in criminal charges.
Article 11: Presumption of Innocence
- Anyone accused of a crime is presumed innocent until proven guilty in a public trial with all necessary legal defenses.
- No one shall be held guilty for an act that was not a crime under national or international law when it was committed. No heavier penalties shall be imposed than those applicable at the time of the offense.
Article 12: Right to Privacy
No one shall face arbitrary interference with their privacy, family, home, or communication. The law shall protect individuals from such interference.
Article 13: Freedom of Movement
- Every person has the right to move freely and reside within their country’s borders.
- Everyone has the right to leave any country, including their own, and return to it.
Article 14: Right to Asylum
- Any individual has the right to seek asylum in another country to escape persecution.
- This right does not apply to individuals prosecuted for non-political crimes or violations of United Nations principles.
Article 15: Right to Nationality
- Everyone has the right to a nationality.
- No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of nationality or denied the right to change it.
Article 16: Right to Marriage and Family
- Men and women of legal age have the right to marry and form a family, without restrictions based on race, nationality, or religion. They are entitled to equal rights during marriage and upon its dissolution.
- Marriage shall be based on the free and full consent of both partners.
- The family is a fundamental unit of society and deserves protection by both society and the state.
Article 17: Right to Own Property
- Every individual has the right to own property alone or in association with others.
- No one shall be unjustly deprived of their property.
Article 18: Freedom of Thought, Conscience, and Religion
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience, and religion, including the ability to change beliefs and practice them publicly or privately.
Article 19: Freedom of Opinion and Expression
Every individual has the right to express their opinions freely and seek, receive, and share information through any media, regardless of borders.
Article 20: Right to Peaceful Assembly and Association
- Every person has the right to peaceful assembly and association.
- No one shall be forced to join an association.
Article 21: Right to Participate in Government
- Every individual has the right to participate in their country’s government directly or through chosen representatives.
- Every person has equal access to public services in their country.
- The government’s authority derives from the people’s will, expressed through periodic and genuine elections with universal and equal suffrage and secret voting.
Article 22: Right to Social Security
As members of society, individuals have the right to social security and the fulfillment of economic, social, and cultural rights essential for dignity and personal development.
Article 23: Right to Work and Fair Pay
- Every person has the right to work under just and favorable conditions.
- Everyone has the right to equal pay for equal work without discrimination.
- Workers have the right to fair remuneration ensuring a dignified life.
- Everyone has the right to form and join trade unions for protection.
Article 24: Right to Rest and Leisure
Every individual has the right to rest, leisure, reasonable working hours, and periodic paid holidays.
Article 25: Right to an Adequate Standard of Living
- Everyone has the right to a standard of living that ensures health and well-being, including food, clothing, housing, medical care, and social services. This right extends to protection in cases of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age, or other circumstances beyond control.
- Motherhood and childhood deserve special care and protection, and all children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall receive equal protection.
Article 26: Right to Education
- Everyone has the right to education, which should be free and compulsory at the elementary level. Technical and higher education should be accessible to all based on merit.
- Education must promote full personal development and respect for human rights, fostering peace and understanding among nations.
- Parents have the right to choose the type of education for their children.
Article 27: Right to Participate in Cultural Life
- Every individual has the right to participate in cultural activities, enjoy the arts, and benefit from scientific advancements.
- Intellectual and artistic contributions deserve protection for both moral and material interests.
Article 28: Right to a Just Social Order
Every individual has the right to a social and global order where the rights and freedoms outlined in this Declaration are realized.
Article 29: Duties to the Community
- Individuals have responsibilities to their community, as personal development is only possible within it.
- Exercising rights and freedoms is subject to legal limitations that ensure respect for others and public welfare.
- These rights shall never be exercised contrary to the United Nations’ purposes.
Article 30: Protection Against Rights Violations
No aspect of this Declaration shall be interpreted as granting any state, group, or person the right to undermine any of the rights and freedoms it establishes.
